“In the ENT (Ear, Nose, Throat) Diseases Department clinic, diagnostic and treatment methods for pediatric and adult ear, nose, throat, and head and neck diseases are applied.”

What Is Otolaryngology (ENT)?

The ENT (Ear, Nose, Throat) Department comprehensively manages the diagnosis and treatment processes of diseases in the ear, nose, throat, and head-neck region for both children (pediatric patients) and adults. In this clinic, different approaches are adopted according to patients’ age groups and special needs.

What Does the ENT Department Treat?

Ear Diseases

In the ENT Outpatient Clinic, diagnosis and treatment of conditions such as hearing loss, ear infections, and eardrum perforations are performed among ear diseases.

For pediatric patients, problems such as middle ear infections (otitis media), which are common in childhood, are addressed, and various methods are applied for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. For adults, detailed examination and surgical intervention options are evaluated for conditions such as hearing loss and tinnitus.

Nasal Diseases

Diagnosis and treatment of conditions such as allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, nasal polyps, and septum deviation are performed. In the management of these diseases, surgical intervention methods are also used when necessary, in addition to medical treatment options. Endoscopic surgical techniques are frequently preferred, especially in sinusitis treatment.

Throat Diseases

Throat diseases include conditions such as tonsillitis, pharyngeal infections, and hoarseness. In the diagnosis of such diseases, detailed examination and imaging methods are used if necessary, and various methods such as antibiotic therapy, surgical intervention, or voice therapy are applied in the treatment processes.

Head and Neck Diseases

Diseases in the head and neck region also hold an important place in the clinic. In this area, diagnosis and treatment of conditions such as tumors, cysts, and lymph node enlargements are performed, and a multidisciplinary approach is adopted for oncological patients.

What Is General ENT and Pediatric ENT?

General ENT

A General ENT (Ear, Nose, Throat) Diseases specialist demonstrates a comprehensive approach in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the ear, nose, throat, and head-neck region of individuals of all age groups. These specialists have extensive knowledge and experience to diagnose various diseases seen in both adults and children and to apply appropriate treatment methods.

General ENT specialists make accurate diagnoses by listening to patients’ complaints, performing physical examinations, and using advanced tests (e.g., endoscopy, imaging methods) when necessary.

These specialists actively participate in the treatment of many diseases such as ear infections, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, throat infections, voice disorders, and head and neck cancers. Treatment methods include various options such as drug therapy, surgical intervention, and rehabilitation. They also provide preventive health services necessary to improve patients’ quality of life.

Pediatric ENT

In the field of Pediatric ENT, a special approach is required for the diagnosis and treatment of children’s ear, nose, throat, and head-neck diseases. Since children’s anatomical structures and developmental processes differ from adults, pediatric ENT specialists have received special training in this field.

They specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions commonly seen in children, such as ear infections, adenoid hypertrophy, tonsillitis, and hearing loss.

Pediatric ENT specialists perform both physical examination and necessary tests using methods appropriate to children’s age and developmental level. They also apply special techniques to make treatment processes less stressful, taking into account children’s psychological states. These specialists work in collaboration with families to help children grow and develop healthily, providing necessary information and support.

Ear Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment

Ear diseases include otological (ear-related) and vestibular (balance) diseases:

» Ear Infections:
Acute and chronic otitis media, otitis externa.

» Foreign Body in Ear:
Removal of objects lodged in the ear canal.

» Eardrum Perforations:
Holes in the tympanic membrane requiring repair.

» Cerumen (Earwax):
Impacted earwax causing hearing problems.

» Cholesteatomas:
Abnormal skin growth in the middle ear.

» Facial Nerve Paralysis:
Bell’s palsy and other causes of facial weakness.

» Hearing Loss:
Conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing loss.

» Tinnitus:
Ringing or buzzing in the ears.

» Otosclerosis:
Abnormal bone growth in the middle ear.

» Eustachian Tube Dysfunction:
Problems with pressure equalization in the ear.

» Ear Tumors:
Exostosis, osteoma, paragangliomas.

» BPPV (Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo):
Dizziness triggered by head position changes.

» Meniere’s Disease:
Inner ear disorder causing vertigo and hearing loss.

» Vestibular Migraine:
Dizziness associated with migraine.

» Acute Vestibular Neuritis:
Inflammation of the vestibular nerve.

» Age-Related Imbalance:
Balance problems associated with aging.

» PPPD (Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness):
Chronic dizziness disorder.

Diagnostic Methods for Ear Diseases

» Microscopes and endoscopes
» Balance tests (Videonystagmography, Vestibular head impulse test)
» Audiological tests (Pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, screening ABR, clinical ABR, Otoacoustic Emission, pediatric audiometry)
» Radiological examinations (CT, MRI) when necessary

Treatment Methods for Ear Diseases

» Medical Treatment:
Medication, vestibular rehabilitation, repositioning maneuvers.

» Surgical Treatment:
Myringoplasty, tympanoplasty, mastoidectomies, stapedotomy, intratympanic injections, ventilation tube placement, facial nerve decompression, endoscopic balloon eustachian tube dilation.

Nasal (Rhinological) Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment

» Septum Deviation:
Deviated nasal septum causing breathing difficulties.

» Foreign Body in Nose:
Objects lodged in the nasal cavity.

» Nasal Fractures:
Broken nose requiring reduction.

» Epistaxis (Nosebleeds):
Nasal bleeding from various causes.

» Turbinate Diseases:
Enlarged or dysfunctional nasal turbinates.

» Sinusitis:
Acute and chronic sinus infections.

» Rhinitis:
Allergic and non-allergic nasal inflammation.

» Nasal Polyps:
Benign growths in the nasal passages.

» Adenoid Vegetation:
Enlarged adenoids affecting breathing and hearing.

» Nasal Tumors:
Benign and malignant nasal masses.

» Smell Disorders:
Anosmia, hyposmia, and other olfactory problems.

Diagnostic Methods

Nasal endoscopic unit systems and radiological examinations (CT, MRI) when necessary.

Treatment Methods

» Medical Treatment:
Medication and smell rehabilitation.

» Surgical Treatment:
Adenoidectomy with coblation, foreign body removal, intranasal cauterization, septoplasty, septorhinoplasty (piezo method), turbinate radiofrequency, turbinate coblation, nasal fracture reduction, endoscopic sinus surgeries, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery, endoscopic balloon catheter dilation.

Throat Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment

Throat diseases include oral cavity (tongue, gums, buccal mucosa, floor of mouth), oropharynx (tonsils, pharynx), and larynx diseases:

» Throat Infections:
Tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, glossitis.

» Foreign Body:
Objects lodged in the throat.

» Voice Disorders:
Vocal cord nodules, polyps, cysts, spasmodic dysphonia, vocal cord paralysis, laryngeal cancers, laryngopharyngeal reflux.

» Swallowing Difficulties:
Foreign body, tonsilloliths (tonsil stones), infections, throat reflux, laryngeal cancers, vocal cord paralysis.

» Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy:
Enlarged adenoids and tonsils.

» Tongue and Gum Diseases:
Taste disorders, infections, mucosal diseases, tumors.

Diagnostic Methods

Endoscopic diagnosis, videolaryngostroboscopy, endoscopic swallowing evaluation, and radiological examinations (CT, MRI) when necessary.

Treatment Methods

» Medical Treatment:
Medication and rehabilitation.

» Surgical Treatment:
Adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, tonsil reduction, direct laryngoscopy, microlaryngeal surgery, excision of oral lesions, foreign body removal, vocal cord injection, vocal cord botox injection, thyroplasty, laser mass excisions, posterior cordotomy, partial or total laryngectomy, neck dissections.

Head and Neck Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment

» Salivary Gland Diseases:
Infections, salivary gland stones, chronic inflammatory diseases, tumors.

» Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome:
Sleep-disordered breathing conditions.

» Maxillofacial Trauma:
Facial bone fractures and injuries.

» Neck Masses:
Various lumps and growths in the neck.

» Lymphadenitis:
Lymph node infections.

» Congenital Neck Masses:
Dermoid cysts, branchial cysts, teratomas, thyroglossal cysts.

» Deep Neck Infections:
Peritonsillar abscess, parapharyngeal abscess, retropharyngeal abscess.

» Glomus Caroticum:
Tumors of the carotid body.

» Soft Tissue Tumors:
Fibromas, lipomas, schwannomas.

» Metastatic Neck Masses:
Spread of cancer to neck lymph nodes.

Treatment Methods

» Medical Treatment:
Medication and supportive care.

» Surgical Treatment:
Neck dissection, superficial and deep parotidectomy with facial nerve monitoring, submandibular gland excision, intraoral stone removal, neck mass excisions, abscess drainage, surgeries for snoring and sleep apnea, open and closed reduction of maxillofacial bones, internal fixation.